Universal Classroom Design: An Example

 

Hello everyone.  The purpose of this web page is to provide you with examples of universal design techniques that I use in my classroom.  You probably already use some of these or other techniques in your classroom.  If you have any examples that you would like to share, please send them to me and I will post them on this web page.  

 

Why should I implement universal design techniques in my classroom?  I have 

a.  different types of learners (visual, auditory, tactile, etc.) in my classroom. 
b.  identified students with "disabilities" in my classroom. 
c.  unidentified students with "disabilities" in my classroom. 
d.  diverse students in my classroom with a variety of strengths and weaknesses. 
e.  all of the above and then some. 

The purpose of universal design is to reach the maximum number of students in our classrooms.  We all know that we have students with different types of learning styles in our classes.  We also know that we have students who have identified "disabilities" and need some assistance in order for them to excel in class.  But, we also have many students who do not want to identify themselves as someone with a "disability" for diverse reasons; reasons perhaps we cannot understand.  And, of course, we have students that come from a variety of backgrounds.  All of our students can benefit from universal design because it is, well, universal.  Utilizing these principles in our classrooms maximizes our reach.   

 

Implementation of Universal Design: 

Syllabus:

Our syllabi are pretty good already.  Just remember that the syllabus is like a contract between you and your students.  Provide all course information in a nice readable format.  

Office Hours:

Try to schedule office hours before and after your classes.  If you arrange your office hour schedule like this for all of your classes, then it is unlikely that a student could not see you during your office hours.  Also, inform students that they can make an appointment to see you if they cannot see you during your office hours.  

In the class room:

  • At the beginning of the semester, I ask each student to fill out an information card that includes their major, career goals, number of hours worked per week, class expectations, hobbies, and ANY information they want me to know about them.***  You would be surprised at what many students reveal to you.

  • Use multiple teaching techniques to maximize your reach and engage as many students as possible. For example, I predominantly use a feedback lecture technique punctuated with a lot of questions about the material.  Students complete a number of active learning activities in my classroom, usually in pairs, and instead of grading all of them, students put the activities in a separate notebook that they turn in at the end of the semester.  They receive extra credit for their notebooks, the amount of which is based on the percentage of activities they completed in class.  

  • Students also complete several graded activities in and out of class, so that I'm not only assessing them on their ability to take exams.  Examples of these include: informed critical debate and position papers on controversial subjects such as stem cell research, service learning projects, the construction of graphical models using free modeling software.  Often these activities are completed in teams.  Because students can be uncomfortable with group work due to the possibility of slackers in their group, peer evaluation is a significant component of their project grade (20-30%).  Groups are assigned based on work schedules (see info cards above), so typically scheduling is not an issue.

  • I support my lectures in class with PowerPoint slides.  I try to utilize good design techniques such as: topic headings -sometimes in the form of a question, using no more than 5-7 bullets per slide introducing one at a time, using plain backgrounds with contrasting colors, etc.  Like many, I utilize graphics and short introductory videos.  I do not read from my slides, but refer to them and move around while lecturing/asking questions.  I wait until 98% of my students have finished writing their notes before moving on.  Of course, students are allowed to tape lectures.  My slides are posted on the course web site after class in both ppt and rtf formats.  

  • For some historically tough topics, I write worksheets and post them on the course web site.  Vocabulary lists are also posted for students.  While vocabulary lists may seem silly, this helps students realize that they need to do more than memorize a list of words and their definitions to do well in class.  Also, it frees up time in class as the onus is on the student to learn vocabulary, while class time is for developing a deeper understanding of the topic at hand.

  • Classes are supported via a course web site that is constructed using accessible web design.  Please see the accessible web page with examples for more information.

 

Links to informative sites on universal design:

http://www.eeonline.org/
http://www.washington.edu/doit/Faculty/Strategies/Universal/
http://www.cast.org/