Exam 1 Study Guide
Pay attention to individual animal
examples and how they illustrate basic concepts.
Chapter 1
- Mechanism and origin as the two basic
questions in physiology. How does the firefly example illustrate
mechanism and origin?
- Conformity and regulation in animals
- Homeostasis and negative and positive
feedback loops. What does Claude Bernard mean by "Constancy of the
internal environment is the condition for free life?"
- The 5 time frames in which physiology
changes and examples
- The 3 major components that make up
an "environment" and how organisms adapt to extreme conditions.
Chapter 5
- The composition of the adult human
body and the implications for nutrition for this composition.
- The importance of proteins, lipids,
carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in our diet.
- Different feeding
mechanisms--examples of each
- The implications of short and long
food chains.
- Chemical and mechanical digestion,
the three locations where digestion occurs.
- The three different absorptive plans
and their examples
- The enzymes involved in the digestion of
particular foods.
- Mechanisms of absorption
- The three stages of digestion in
human gut and the role of the different hormones.
- The different time frames over which
digestion can change.
Chapter 6
- Why is energy important and why is it
the common currency in comparing different processes, natural and manmade?
- What are the different kinds of
energy and how do they vary in their capacity to do work?
- Animals' use of energy to perform 3
major functions.
- Direct and indirect measurement of
energy expended--the units and what is being measured.
- The factors that affect metabolic
rate and how they affect metabolic rate.
- How metabolic rate is measured in
different kinds of organisms, homeotherms, poikilotherms, and fish.
- Understand the allometric
relationship between body weight and size and how this relationship impacts
particular physiologies and ecological environments.
- The energetics of food, growth and
mental activity.
- Know to what the different parts of the
allometric equation refer.